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三端稳压管及判断技巧

三端(duan)(duan)(duan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)是一(yi)(yi)种直到临(lin)界(jie)反向(xiang)(xiang)击穿(chuan)(chuan)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)前都具有(you)(you)很高电(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的半导体器(qi)件。稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)在反向(xiang)(xiang)击穿(chuan)(chuan)时，在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的电(dian)(dian)流范(fan)围内（或(huo)者说在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)功率损耗范(fan)围内），端(duan)(duan)(duan)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)几乎不(bu)变，表现出稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)特性，因而广泛应用于稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)源与限幅电(dian)(dian)路之中。三端(duan)(duan)(duan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)，主要有(you)(you)两种，一(yi)(yi)种输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是固定(ding)的，称为(wei)固定(ding)输(shu)出三端(duan)(duan)(duan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)，另一(yi)(yi)种输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是可调的，称为(wei)可调输(shu)出三端(duan)(duan)(duan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)。

电(dian)(dian)子产品(pin)一般三端稳压(ya)(ya)集(ji)成电(dian)(dian)路有一个正电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)输(shu)出(chu)78xx系(xi)列79x系(xi)列和(he)(he)负电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)输(shu)出(chu)。因(yin)此,公(gong)义,三端集(ji)成电(dian)(dian)路是指电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)调整器(qi)和(he)(he)集(ji)成电(dian)(dian)路和(he)(he)三针输(shu)出(chu),输(shu)入,接地端和(he)(he)输(shu)出(chu)端。它看起来像普通三极管(guan)、TO-220标准(zhun)封(feng)装(zhuang),有9013-92封(feng)装(zhuang)的。用78/79系(xi)列(lie)三(san)端(duan)稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)路形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)几个(ge)外(wai)围(wei)组件所需的稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)源,内部(bu)电(dian)(dian)路和过流(liu)、过热和调(diao)整管保护电(dian)(dian)路,而且(qie)价(jia)格便(bian)宜。这(zhei)一系(xi)列(lie)的集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)路模型在78或(huo)79的数字代(dai)(dai)表三(san)端(duan)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)路的输(shu)出(chu)电(dian)(dian)压(ya),如(ru)7806表示输(shu)出(chu)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)6v,79099v输(shu)出(chu)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)是负的。78/79系(xi)列(lie)的三(san)端(duan)稳(wen)(wen)压(ya)IC有很(hen)多电(dian)(dian)子产品(pin)制(zhi)造商,在80年代(dai)(dai),通常一个(ge)前缀的代(dai)(dai)码,比如(ru)TA7805是东芝(zhi)产品(pin),AN7909是松(song)下的产品(pin)。

有(you)时在78或78L和(he)M或数量,如78m12或79l24,用(yong)来区(qu)分(fen)输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)和(he)包(bao)装(zhuang)(zhuang)形式,等等,其中78L系列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)100毫安,78系列(lie)最(zui)大(da)输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)是1、78系列(lie),最(zui)大(da)输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)1.5a。它(ta)也有(you)各种各样(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封装(zhuang)(zhuang),如图(tu)(tu)表所示。塑料封装(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)调节(jie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路具有(you)安装(zhuang)(zhuang)方(fang)便,价格低廉,所以更多(duo)。79系列(lie)除了输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)是负的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。导(dao)致(zhi)安排不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脚,命名方(fang)法(fa),如形状是一(yi)样(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)78系列(lie)。因为三个固定(ding)集成稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路容易(yi)(yi)使用(yong),常用(yong)于电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子产品,可(ke)以用(yong)于修(xiu)改的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)立(li)元件(jian)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源,也经常用(yong)作电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路图(tu)(tu)如图(tu)(tu)所示。注意三端集成稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)输入,输出(chu),和(he)接(jie)地端必须不是错误的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),不容易(yi)(yi)烧(shao)坏。一(yi)般(ban)三端集成稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)小输入和(he)输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2v,否则不能稳(wen)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)输出(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),应(ying)该(gai)(gai)保持电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)差一(yi)般(ban)在4到5v,即变压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器变压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器、二极管(guan)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)器,电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容滤波后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)应(ying)该(gai)(gai)高于调节(jie)值。

在(zai)(zai)实践中(zhong),应(ying)该在(zai)(zai)三(san)个集(ji)成稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)安装散(san)热(re)(re)器足(zu)够大(小功率(lv)条件下不,当然(ran))。稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管温度过高(gao)(gao)时(shi),电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)稳(wen)定性能(neng)将变得更糟,甚至伤(shang)害。当需(xu)(xu)要可(ke)以(yi)输(shu)出(chu)一个1。超过5电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)源,通常(chang)需(xu)(xu)要几三(san)端(duan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)并(bing)联(lian)为(wei)1.5n的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大输(shu)出(chu)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu),但在(zai)(zai)应(ying)用(yong)时(shi)必(bi)须(xu)注意(yi)到(dao)(dao):并(bing)行的(de)(de)集(ji)成稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)应(ying)该使(shi)用(yong)相同(tong)的(de)(de)制造商,同(tong)一批(pi)次的(de)(de)产(chan)品,以(yi)确保参数的(de)(de)一致。额外津(jin)贴(tie)必(bi)须(xu)输(shu)出(chu)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu),为(wei)了避(bi)免(mian)单个集(ji)成稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)路(lu)故障原(yuan)因(yin)链燃烧在(zai)(zai)其他电(dian)(dian)路(lu)。在(zai)(zai)78,79**系(xi)(xi)列三(san)端(duan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器是(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)常(chang)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)-220,-202,两(liang)种(zhong)包装。这两(liang)种(zhong)包装图形和(he)(he)(he)密(mi)码,密(mi)码函数如附(fu)图所(suo)示。销(xiao)数图中(zhong)标记方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)按照订单销(xiao)潜(qian)(qian)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)分。很(hen)容易记祝(zhu)销(xiao)(1)为(wei)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)潜(qian)(qian)力,(3)脚最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)潜(qian)(qian)力,(2)中(zhong)心，从图可(ke)以(yi)看出(chu),正(zheng)(zheng)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)负压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),(2)脚输(shu)出(chu)。**78系(xi)(xi)列正(zheng)(zheng)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya),输(shu)入是(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)潜(qian)(qian)力,自然(ran)是(shi)(shi)(1)脚,最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)可(ke)能(neng)结束(shu)(shu),或(3)脚,如附(fu)图所(suo)示。79**负压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)列,输(shu)入最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)潜(qian)(qian)力,自然(ran)是(shi)(shi)3英尺,和(he)(he)(he)结束(shu)(shu)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)潜(qian)(qian)力,即(1),如附(fu)图所(suo)示。此外,还应(ying)注意(yi),散(san)热(re)(re)器总(zong)是(shi)(shi)第一个(3)连接到(dao)(dao)脚和(he)(he)(he)最(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)的(de)(de)潜(qian)(qian)力。所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)78**系(xi)(xi)列、散(san)热(re)(re)片(pian)和(he)(he)(he)连接,并(bing)在(zai)(zai)79**系(xi)(xi)列、散(san)热(re)(re)器和(he)(he)(he)输(shu)入的(de)(de)连接。

三端稳压管内部电路图

三端稳压管型号对照表

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