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三端稳压管接线说明图

输出电流小于或等于1A

三(san)端稳(wen)压(ya)管(guan)接线说明-三(san)端稳(wen)压(ya)管(guan)是一(yi)种直到临(lin)界(jie)反(fan)向击(ji)穿(chuan)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)前都具有很高(gao)电(dian)(dian)阻的半导体器(qi)件。稳(wen)压(ya)管(guan)在(zai)反(fan)向击(ji)穿(chuan)时，在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)的电(dian)(dian)流(liu)范围(wei)内（或者说在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)功率损(sun)耗范围(wei)内），端电(dian)(dian)压(ya)几(ji)乎不变(bian)，表(biao)现出稳(wen)压(ya)特性，因而广(guang)泛应用于稳(wen)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)源与限幅电(dian)(dian)路之中。因为固定(ding)三(san)端稳(wen)压(ya)器(qi)属于串(chuan)联型稳(wen)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)路，因此它的原理等同(tong)于串(chuan)联型稳(wen)压(ya)电(dian)(dian)路。

其中R1、Rp、R2组成的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器是(shi)取(qu)(qu)样电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，从输出端(duan)取(qu)(qu)出部分(fen)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)UB2作为取(qu)(qu)样电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加(jia)(jia)至(zhi)三极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)T2的(de)(de)(de)基极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)Dz以(yi)(yi)其稳(wen)定电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)Uz作为基准(zhun)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，加(jia)(jia)在T2的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)射极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上。R3是(shi)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)流电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。三极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)T2组成比(bi)较(jiao)放(fang)大电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，它将取(qu)(qu)样电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)UB2与基准(zhun)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)Uz加(jia)(jia)以(yi)(yi)比(bi)较(jiao)和放(fang)大，再去控制三极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)T1的(de)(de)(de)基极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位。输入电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)Ui加(jia)(jia)在三极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)T1与负载RL相串联的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)上，因此(ci)，改变T1集(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)间的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降UCE1便(bian)可调节(jie)RL两端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)Uo。也(ye)(ye)就是(shi)说，稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)输出电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)Uo可以(yi)(yi)通过三极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)T1加(jia)(jia)以(yi)(yi)调节(jie)，所以(yi)(yi)T1称(cheng)为调整管(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)于调整元件是(shi)晶体(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，而且(qie)在电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中与负载相串联，故(gu)称(cheng)为晶体(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)串联型稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R4和T1的(de)(de)(de)基极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)偏(pian)置电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)T2的(de)(de)(de)集(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)负载电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。

当电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)网电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)降(jiang)低或负载电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻减(jian)小而使输(shu)出端电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)有所(suo)下降(jiang)时，其(qi)取(qu)样(yang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)UB2相(xiang)应减(jian)小，T2基极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)下降(jiang)。但因T2发射极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)既稳压(ya)管(guan)的(de)稳定(ding)Uz保(bao)持不变(bian)，所(suo)以(yi)发射极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)UBE2减(jian)小，导(dao)致T2集电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)减(jian)小而集电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)Uc2升高。由于(yu)放大管(guan)T2的(de)集电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极与(yu)调整管(guan)T1的(de)基极接在一起(qi)，故(gu)T1基极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)升高，导(dao)致集电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增大而管(guan)压(ya)降(jiang)UCE1减(jian)小。因为T1与(yu)RL串联，所(suo)以(yi)，输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)Uo基本不变(bian)。

同理，当(dang)电网电压(ya)(ya)或(huo)负载(zai)发(fa)生(sheng)变化(hua)引起输(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)电压(ya)(ya)Uo增(zeng)大时，通过取样、比较放大、调(diao)整(zheng)等过程(cheng)，将使调(diao)整(zheng)调(diao)整(zheng)管的管压(ya)(ya)降UCE1增(zeng)加，结果抑制了输(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)端(duan)电压(ya)(ya)的增(zeng)大，输(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)电压(ya)(ya)仍(reng)基本保持不变。调(diao)节电位器(qi)Rp，可(ke)对输(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)电压(ya)(ya)进行微调(diao)。调(diao)整(zheng)管T1与负载(zai)电阻RL组成的是射极输(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)电路，所以具(ju)有(you)稳定输(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)电压(ya)(ya)的特点。

在串联型稳压电(dian)源电(dian)路的(de)工作过(guo)程中，要求(qiu)调(diao)整(zheng)管始(shi)终(zhong)处在放大状态(tai)。通过(guo)调(diao)整(zheng)管的(de)电(dian)流(liu)(liu)等(deng)于负载电(dian)流(liu)(liu)，因此必须选(xuan)用适当(dang)的(de)大功率管作调(diao)整(zheng)管，并按规(gui)定(ding)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)散热装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。为了防止(zhi)短路或(huo)长期过(guo)载烧坏调(diao)整(zheng)管，在直流(liu)(liu)稳压器中一般还设有短路保护(hu)(hu)和(he)过(guo)载保护(hu)(hu)等(deng)电(dian)路。

7809三端稳压器接线说明

通(tong)常以标识(shi)面为(wei)准(zhun)左进右出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)中(zhong)间接地(di)。7809三(san)端稳压(ya)(ya)器(qi)有以下几部分组成：1、调整(zheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu);2、取(qu)样电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu);3、取(qu)样放(fang)大(da);;稳压(ya)(ya)过程(cheng)：设输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)已达(da)到(dao)预(yu)设电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)。当(dang)输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)变(bian)化时，取(qu)样电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)取(qu)得(de)样本经取(qu)样放(fang)大(da)与基(ji)准(zhun)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)比较判断输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)是向高了变(bian)化还是向低(di)了变(bian)化，由此控制(zhi)调整(zheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)工作，促使调整(zheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)调整(zheng)输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)向低(di)或高变(bian)化，直到(dao)输(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)达(da)到(dao)预(yu)设电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)。

1、7812三端(duan)稳压器接线(xian)：左边(bian)输(shu)入、中间地线(xian)、右边(bian)输(shu)出(chu)

2、1912三端稳压器(qi)接线：左边地线、中间输(shu)入、右(you)边输(shu)出

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