应急电源电路图,应急电源mos管应用-KIA MOS管

应急电源电路

应急电(dian)源主要(yao)是由(you)输入(ru)电(dian)磁(ci)干扰滤波器（EMI）、整流滤波电(dian)路(lu)(lu)、功率变换电(dian)路(lu)(lu)、PWM控制器电(dian)路(lu)(lu)、输出(chu)整流滤波电(dian)路(lu)(lu)组成。辅(fu)助电(dian)路(lu)(lu)有输入(ru)过欠(qian)压保(bao)护电(dian)路(lu)(lu)、输出(chu)过欠(qian)压保(bao)护电(dian)路(lu)(lu)、输出(chu)过流保(bao)护电(dian)路(lu)(lu)、输出(chu)短路(lu)(lu)保(bao)护电(dian)路(lu)(lu)等。

应急电源功率变换电路

目前应(ying)(ying)用(yong)最广泛的绝缘栅(zha)场(chang)效(xiao)(xiao)应(ying)(ying)管是MOSFET（MOS管），是利(li)用(yong)半导体(ti)表面的电(dian)声效(xiao)(xiao)应(ying)(ying)进行工作(zuo)的，也(ye)称(cheng)为表面场(chang)效(xiao)(xiao)应(ying)(ying)器件。由于(yu)(yu)它的栅(zha)极(ji)处(chu)于(yu)(yu)不导电(dian)状(zhuang)态(tai)，所以输入电(dian)阻可(ke)以大大提高，最高可(ke)达105欧姆，MOS管是利(li)用(yong)栅(zha)源电(dian)压的大小，来改变(bian)半导体(ti)表面感生电(dian)荷的多少(shao)，从(cong)而控制漏极(ji)电(dian)流的大小。

工作(zuo)原理：

R4、C3、R5、R6、C4、D1、D2组(zu)成(cheng)缓冲器，和(he)(he)开(kai)(kai)关MOS管(guan)并接，使开(kai)(kai)关管(guan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)应力减少，EMI减少，不发生二次击(ji)穿。在开(kai)(kai)关管(guan)Q1关断时，变压(ya)器的(de)(de)原边线圈(quan)易产生尖峰(feng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)和(he)(he)尖峰(feng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，这些元件组(zu)合(he)一起，能很好地(di)吸收尖峰(feng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)和(he)(he)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。从(cong)R3测得的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流峰(feng)值(zhi)信号参与当前(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作周波的(de)(de)占空比控制(zhi)，因此是当前(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作周波的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流限制(zhi)。当R5上(shang)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)达到(dao)1V时，UC3842停止工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，开(kai)(kai)关管(guan)Q1立即(ji)关断。R1和(he)(he)Q1中的(de)(de)结电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容CGS、CGD一起组(zu)成(cheng)RC网络，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容的(de)(de)充放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直接影响着开(kai)(kai)关管(guan)的(de)(de)开(kai)(kai)关速度(du)。R1过(guo)小，易引起振(zhen)荡，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁干扰(rao)也会(hui)很大(da)；R1过(guo)大(da)，会(hui)降低开(kai)(kai)关管(guan)的(de)(de)开(kai)(kai)关速度(du)。Z1通(tong)常(chang)将MOS管(guan)的(de)(de)GS电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)限制(zhi)在18V以下，从(cong)而保护了MOS管(guan)。

Q1的(de)(de)(de)栅(zha)极受控电(dian)压为(wei)锯(ju)形(xing)(xing)波，当(dang)(dang)其占空比越大(da)时(shi)，Q1导通时(shi)间越长(zhang)，变(bian)(bian)(bian)压器(qi)所储(chu)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量也(ye)就越多；当(dang)(dang)Q1截止时(shi)，变(bian)(bian)(bian)压器(qi)通过D1、D2、R5、R4、C3释放能(neng)量，同时(shi)也(ye)达到了磁场复位的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)，为(wei)变(bian)(bian)(bian)压器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)下一次存(cun)储(chu)、传(chuan)递能(neng)量做好了准备(bei)。IC根(gen)据输出电(dian)压和(he)(he)电(dian)流时(shi)刻调整着⑥脚锯(ju)形(xing)(xing)波占空比的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小，从而稳定了整机的(de)(de)(de)输出电(dian)流和(he)(he)电(dian)压。C4和(he)(he)R6为(wei)尖峰电(dian)压吸收回(hui)路。

推挽式功率(lv)变换电路(lu)：

Q1和Q2将(jiang)轮流导通。

有驱动变压(ya)器的(de)功率(lv)变换电(dian)路：

T2为(wei)驱动变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器，T1为(wei)开关变(bian)(bian)压(ya)器，TR1为(wei)电流环。

应急电源mos管作用

MOS管在应急电(dian)源(yuan)中扮(ban)演(yan)着至关(guan)重要(yao)的角色，主(zhu)要(yao)作(zuo)用包括(kuo)：

高频(pin)开(kai)关功(gong)能：在(zai)应(ying)急(ji)电源中，MOS管作为(wei)高频(pin)开(kai)关元件，通(tong)(tong)过控制(zhi)栅极电压来改变漏源极之间的导通(tong)(tong)状(zhuang)态(tai)，实现电流的快(kuai)速(su)接通(tong)(tong)和(he)断开(kai)。这种快(kuai)速(su)开(kai)关特性使得电源能够在(zai)高频(pin)下进行能量转(zhuan)换，从(cong)而减小体积、提高功(gong)率密度(du)和(he)工作效率。

高效能(neng)量转换：MOS管的开关(guan)速(su)度快（纳秒(miao)级），支(zhi)持(chi)高频工作（几十kHz至MHz），减(jian)少开关(guan)损耗，提升电源整体效率。其低(di)导(dao)通电阻（RDS(on)）特(te)性使导(dao)通时(shi)压(ya)降(jiang)小，减(jian)少发热，适合大电流应用。

精(jing)确稳压与保(bao)护(hu)(hu)：在应急电(dian)源中，MOS管(guan)(guan)(guan)配(pei)合PWM控制器(qi)等芯片，能够实现精(jing)准的电(dian)压调(diao)节(jie)和过流保(bao)护(hu)(hu)。通(tong)过反(fan)馈机制，MOS管(guan)(guan)(guan)按需调(diao)整开(kai)关频率和占空比(bi)，以(yi)维持输出电(dian)压稳定。当检测到过载或短路(lu)时，MOS管(guan)(guan)(guan)可以(yi)通(tong)过快速关断来避免电(dian)源系统(tong)遭受(shou)损害。

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